Coypu
Myocastor coypus
The nutria is a large, semi-aquatic rodent native to South America that has been introduced worldwide through fur farming. It is characterized by its prominent orange incisors and a round, mostly hairless tail. In many regions, including Europe, it is considered an invasive species because its burrowing activities damage riparian structures and can significantly impact local vegetation.
Details
Identification
Orange incisors, whitish muzzle with long whiskers, round tail, webbed hind feet.
Social behavior
Lives in family groups or small colonies, typically led by a dominant female.
Diet
Primarily herbivorous (aquatic plants, roots, leaves, agricultural crops), occasionally consuming animal matter such as mollusks or snails.
Hunting strategy
No hunting strategy; grazer and gatherer.
Overwintering
Active; does not hibernate, but is sensitive to cold and often suffers from frostbite on the tail during severe winters.
Ecology
Ecological role
Invasive consumer that alters vegetation through grazing pressure and compromises bank stability and flood protection through burrowing activities.
Natural predators
In native range alligators and pumas; in Europe juveniles are preyed upon by foxes, birds of prey, and large pike.
Competitor species
Muskrat, Beaver.
Ecosystem service
Low; in its native range, it helps regulate aquatic plant populations.
Threats
Severe winters with prolonged frost, hunting by humans.
Scientific profile
Profile
Distinguishing features
Large orange incisors; round, nearly hairless scaly tail; webbed hind feet (between the first four toes); white whiskers; teats in females located high on the flanks/back.
Habitat
Banks of standing or slow-flowing waters, marshes, lakes, and canals with abundant riparian vegetation. Prefers ice-free waters during winter.