Nathusius' pipistrelle
Pipistrellus nathusii
Nathusius' pipistrelle is a small to medium-sized bat species known for its long-distance seasonal migrations across Europe. It features reddish-brown fur and a characteristically hairy dorsal side of the tail membrane. The species is closely related to the common pipistrelle but is slightly larger and more robust. It primarily inhabits forested areas near water bodies and is highly vulnerable to wind turbines during its migratory journeys.
Details
Identification
Length of the 5th finger usually exceeds 43 mm; reddish-brown dorsal fur; hairy tail membrane; club-shaped penis in males.
Social behavior
Forms maternity colonies in tree hollows; males occupy mating roosts in late summer and establish harems of up to 10 females.
Diet
Insectivorous; primarily feeds on non-biting midges, caddisflies, small moths, and other flying insects.
Hunting strategy
Hunts in open airspace (aerial hawking), often along forest edges, clearings, or over water surfaces.
Overwintering
Hibernation in tree hollows, rock crevices, or building gaps, often associated in larger groups.
Ecology
Ecological role
Important predator of nocturnal insects; serves as prey for owls.
Natural predators
Owls (e.g., Tawny Owl), birds of prey, domestic cats, martens.
Competitor species
Common pipistrelle (Pipistrellus pipistrellus), Soprano pipistrelle (Pipistrellus pygmaeus).
Ecosystem service
Biological pest control by reducing insect populations.
Threats
Collision risk at wind turbines during migration, loss of roosts in old trees, pesticide use in forestry.
Scientific profile
Profile
Distinguishing features
Characteristic is the hairy tail membrane (uropatagium) on the dorsal side along the lower leg. The fifth finger is longer than 43 mm, exceeding that of related Pipistrellus species. Males possess a club-shaped thickened penis with a light longitudinal stripe.
Habitat
Prefers forested landscapes, especially floodplain forests and deciduous mixed forests near standing or slow-flowing water bodies. As a long-distance migrant, the species also utilizes parks, gardens, and urban areas during its migrations.