Elliptic Diatom
Bacillariophyceae (elliptic morphotype)
Elliptical diatoms are single-celled algae whose cell wall consists of two overlapping silicon dioxide shells (frustules). They mostly belong to the group of pennate diatoms and frequently live as periphyton on stones or aquatic plants. Through their photosynthetic activity, they are a vital component of primary production in aquatic systems.
Details
Oxygen production
Very high; efficient photosynthesis leads to high oxygen saturation in the water.
Habitat function
Forms biofilms on surfaces that serve as habitat and food source for microorganisms.
Nutrient uptake
Actively takes up silicates for shell construction as well as nitrates and phosphates.
Food source for
Zooplankton, insect larvae, small fish, and tadpoles.
Human use
Diatomaceous earth (fossil shells) is used as a filter aid, abrasive, and for insulation purposes.
Ecology
Ecological role
Most important primary producer in many water bodies; forms the base of the food chain for zooplankton and macrozoobenthos.
Natural predators
Zooplankton (e.g., Daphnia), snails, mayfly larvae, and other grazers.
Competitor species
Green algae, cyanobacteria, and other diatom species.
Ecosystem service
Production of oxygen and fixation of carbon dioxide; contributes to approximately 20% of global oxygen production.
Threats
Eutrophication of water bodies, chemical pollution (e.g., herbicides), and acidification.
Scientific profile
Protection & threats
Main threats
Herbicide input (inhibition of photosynthesis), extreme eutrophication (hypertrophy leading to displacement by filamentous algae), acidification, and heavy siltation of habitats.