Common Eyelash Cup
Scutellinia scutellata
Scutellinia scutellata is a widely distributed ascomycete fungus characterized by its vibrant red to orange hymenium. It forms flat, cup-like fruiting bodies with margins adorned with long, dark hairs (setae) that resemble eyelashes. The species typically grows in clusters on damp, decaying wood or occasionally on moist soil near water sources.
Details
Identification
Disc-shaped red fruiting bodies, black marginal setae (eyelashes), sessile (no stalk), grows on wood.
Social behavior
Often grows gregariously in clusters on the same substrate.
Diet
Saprobic; decomposes organic matter such as lignin and cellulose in dead wood.
Overwintering
Overwinters as mycelium within the substrate.
Ecology
Ecological role
Important primary decomposer of dead wood, contributing to humus formation and nutrient cycling.
Natural predators
Slugs, fungus gnat larvae, and collembolans.
Competitor species
Other wood-decaying fungi such as other Scutellinia species or small cup fungi.
Ecosystem service
Nutrient recycling and decomposition of forestry debris.
Threats
Removal of dead wood from forests, drainage of wetlands.
Scientific profile
Profile
Distinguishing features
Combination of bright red color, discoid growth on wood, and long, dark marginal setae. Microscopic: Ellipsoidal spores (approx. 18-20 x 10-12 µm) with fine, warty ornamentation and polar oil droplets.
Habitat
Damp forests, riverbanks, alder carrs, bogs, and shaded sites with high humidity and substrate moisture.
Reproduction
Sexual reproduction via ascospores produced in eight-spored asci.
Protection & threats
Main threats
Drainage of wetlands, loss of near-natural riparian zones, and intensive forestry (removal of deadwood).
Conservation measures
Protection and restoration of damp forests, preservation of deadwood structures near water bodies.